03: Phase Planning (4D Modelling)

03: Phase Planning (4D Modelling)#

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Description#

A process in which a 4D model (3D models with the added dimension of time) is utilized to effectively plan the phased occupancy in a renovation, retrofit, addition, or to show the construction sequence and space requirements on a building site. 4D modeling is a powerful visualization and communication tool that can give a project team the including owner a better understanding of project milestones and construction plans.

Potential Value#

  • Better understanding of the phasing schedule by the owner and project participants and showing the critical path of the project

  • Dynamic phasing plans of occupancy offering multiple options and solutions to space conflicts

  • Integrate planning of human, equipment and material resources with the BIM model to better schedule and cost estimate the project

  • Space and workspace conflicts identified and resolved ahead of the construction process

  • Marketing purposes and publicity

  • Identification of schedule, sequencing or phasing issues

  • More readily constructible, operable and maintainable project

  • Monitor procurement status of project materials

  • Increased productivity and decreased waste on job sites

  • Conveying the spatial complexities of the project, planning information, and support conducting additional analyses

Resources Required#

  • Design Authoring Software

  • Scheduling software

  • 4D Modelling Software

Team Competencies Required#

  • Knowledge of construction scheduling and general construction process. A 4D model is connected to a schedule, and is therefore only as good as the schedule to which it is linked.

  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review a 3D model.

  • Knowledge of 4D software: import geometry, manage links to schedules, produce and control animations, etc.

References for Additional Information#

Dawood, N., and Mallasi, Z. (2006). Construction Workplace Planning: Assignment and Analysis Utilizing 4D Visualization Technologies. Computer-aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, pp. 498-513. Jongeling, R., Kim, J., Fischer, M., Morgeous, C., and Olofsson, T. (2008). Quantitative analysis of workflow, temporary structure usage, and productivity using 4D models. Automation in Construction, pp. 780-791. Kang, J. H., Anderson, S. D., and Clayton, M. J. (2007). Empirical Study on the Merit of Web-based 4D Visualization in Collaborative Construction Planning and Scheduling. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, pp. 447-461.

Potential Output Information#

  • 4D Model in Defined Structure

  • 4D Views / Video

Source: BIM Project Execution Planning Guide, Ver. 2.2 with minor revisions.